What Is an IP Address? Complete Networking Guide (2026)

• 
   
•                      Computer Network Models
• Computer network model is classified into two .These are OSI Model(Open System Interconnect model) and Internet Model. We see each individuals in detials.
•                      OSI Model
• Open System Interconnect is an open standard for all communication systems. OSI model is established by International Standard Organization (ISO). This model has seven layers:
•     Application Layer: This layer is responsible for providing interface to the application user. 
•     Presentation Layer: This layer defines how data in the native format of remote host should be presented in the native format of host.
•   Session Layer: This layer maintains sessions between remote hosts. For example, once user/password authentication is done, the remote host maintains this session for a while and does not ask for authentication again in that time span.
•   Transport Layer: This layer is responsible for end-to-end delivery between hosts.
•    Network Layer: This layer is responsible for address assignment and uniquely addressing hosts in a network.
•   Data Link Layer: This layer is responsible for reading and writing data from and onto the line. 
•  Physical Layer: This layer defines the hardware, cabling wiring, power output, pulse rate etc.
•  
•                     Internet Model
• Internet uses TCP/IP protocol suite, also known as Internet suite. This defines Internet Model which contains four layered architecture. This model has the following layers:
•    Application Layer: This layer defines the protocol which enables user to interact with the network.
•    Transport Layer: This layer defines how data should flow between hosts. Major protocol at this layer is Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). This layer ensures data delivered between hosts is in-order and is responsible for end-to-end delivery.
•  Interne layer: Internet Protocol (IP) works on this layer. This layer facilitates host addressing and recognition. This layer defines routing.
•  Data Link Layer: This layer provides mechanism of sending and receiving actual data.

Related Posts